背景资料：ULK1 and ULK2 (for UNC-51-like kinase) encode similar amino-terminal serine/threonine kinase domains, a proline/serine-rich (PS) domain, and a species conserved carboxyl-terminal domain. Both share homology with the UNC-51 kinase from Caenorhabditis elegans and the APG1 kinase in yeast, which are involved in axonal extension and growth, and autophagy, respectively. ULK1 maps to human chromosome 12q24.3 and is ubiquitously expressed . ULK2, also widely expressed, maps to mouse chromosome 11B1.3 and is expected to have a similar molecular weight as ULK1 in human. ULK1 and ULK2 are thought to auto-phosphorylate the PS domain in vitro, and the significant homology among vertebrates suggest that ULK1 and ULK2 are involved in the regulation of fundamental biological processes .